Summary of needs and disabilities

HI - Hearing Impairments

A loss of hearing can be the result of a:

Conductive Hearing Loss

Hearing loss caused by something that stops sounds from getting through the outer or middle ear. This type of hearing loss can often be treated with medicine or surgery

Sensorineural Hearing Loss

Hearing loss that occurs when there is a problem in the way the inner ear or hearing nerve works

Mixed Hearing Loss

Hearing loss that includes both a conductive and a sensorineural hearing loss

Auditory Neuropathy Spectrum Disorder

Hearing loss that occurs when sound enters the ear normally, but because of damage to the inner ear or the hearing nerve, sound isn’t organized in a way that the brain can understand


The degree of hearing loss can range from mild to profound:

Mild Hearing Loss

A person with a mild hearing loss may hear some speech sounds but soft sounds are hard to hear

Moderate Hearing Loss

A person with a moderate hearing loss may hear almost no speech when another person is talking at a normal level

Severe Hearing Loss

A person with severe hearing loss will hear no speech when a person is talking at a normal level and only some loud sounds

Profound Hearing Loss

A person with a profound hearing loss will not hear any speech and only very loud sounds


Hearing loss can also be described as:

Unilateral or Bilateral

Hearing loss is in one ear (unilateral) or both ears (bilateral)

Pre-lingual or Post-lingual

Hearing loss happened before a person learned to talk (pre-lingual) or after a person learned to talk (post-lingual)

Symmetrical or Asymmetrical

Hearing loss is the same in both ears (symmetrical) or is different in each ear (asymmetrical)

Progressive or Sudden

Hearing loss worsens over time (progressive) or happens quickly (sudden)

Fluctuating or Stable

Hearing loss gets either better or worse over time (fluctuating) or stays the same over time (stable)

Congenital or Acquired/Delayed Onset

Hearing loss is present at birth (congenital) or appears sometime later in life (acquired or delayed onset)


For more information on hearing impairments please visit the website for the National Deaf Children’s Society (NDCS).